Instructional Strategies and Constructivism

Constructivism is a theory built from the Constructivist theories of Jean Piaget, who believed that knowledge is not just transmitted from teacher to student, but actively constructed in the mind of the learner (Orey, 2001).

As a teacher I have found a great amount of truth behind the Constructivist theories and how it pertains to learning. The projects that were described in our reading were excellent examples of how to get students to be active participants in their learning. I have tried similar Project Based Learning activities in my own teaching where students are given an expectation and the tools to achieve it, and have seen positive results....most of the time. There is a lot that can go wrong, but with proper planning these projects can have great results. I find that creating projects where students can't just sit back and daydream makes them be a part of the process. They develop a sense of ownership and make connections to things that I couldn't even begin to convey through directed instruction. Allowing students to creatively develop answers to questions and problems in their own way gets them excited and makes the experience much more meaningful.

Powerpoint, Excel, internet, Kidspiration....there are TONS of different applications available to use, but it doesn't matter what mode of technology is used to create the final artifact. What matters is that students are given the tools and freedom to find their own answers. Allowing students to have freedom to arrive at their own final product can be difficult for a few reasons. As the teacher, I must not only have a clear set of expectations and outcomes, but I must also have thought about all that could go wrong ahead of time. The other limiting factor is the amount of time in the computer lab that is needed to work on such projects. In the end though, the final artifact and the satisfaction that a students feels makes it all worth the extra effort. I've never had a student say they didn't enjoy doing such projects. Most of the time they aren't even aware of all they are learning!

Orey, M.(Ed.). (2001). Emerging perspectives on learning, teaching, and technology. Retrieved from http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/index.php?title=Main_Page

Cognitive Learning Theories

Application 3 Blog:

Explain how instructional strategies correlate with the principles of cognitive learning theory.

Discovery leads to meaningful learning, which leads to creative productions (Novak & Cañas, 2008). That is the theory behind the instructional strategies introduced in this week’s readings. These strategies correlate with the cognitive learning theory because they allow students to explore and make connections to what they already know by allowing students to integrate the different senses. Using tools like spreadsheets and concept mapping helps students visualize rather than just read about information. This dual coding is an important aspect to storing information in long-term memory. Creating visualizations gives students a way to retrieve information from the network of information that they have stored. These strategies also allow students to make connections to prior knowledge and elaborate on this knowledge, which is also important to helping students learn and retain information.

Resources:

Novak, J. D. & Cañas, A. J. (2008). The theory underlying concept maps and how to construct and use them, Technical Report IHMC CmapTools 2006-01 Rev 01-2008. Retrieved from the Institute for Human and Machine Cognition Web site:

http://cmap.ihmc.us/Publications/ResearchPapers/

TheoryUnderlyingConceptMaps.pdf

Behaviorism in Practice

Application 2:

Post your thoughts on how the instructional strategies described in the resources you explored this week correlate with the principles of behaviorist learning theory.

The behaviorist theory focuses on the role of stimulus and reinforcement in the learning process. Teachers have used this theory in a variety of different ways to teach students a variety of things. This weeks reading focused on reinforcement by showing students real information about themselves using a spreadsheet. The lessons used excel to show quick comparisons that allowed students to receive an immediate visual response. Both the immediacy and visual aspects of such activities are important factors in the effectiveness of the behaviorist theory.

Technology allows for versatility to help meet the different needs of the learners that exist in each classroom. It not only makes it easier to meet these needs, but it also makes it more fun. Technology has played a huge role in motivating my students. There is a sense of satisfaction that many students get from being able to do something new using technology, especially when they can show off their skills to a parent. These rewards all center around the Behaviorist Theory.